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聊斋志异

2025-01-22 07:34:46 阅读(192)

《聊斋志异》,简称《聊斋》,又称《鬼传》,是中国清代蒲松龄所着的短篇小说集。全书共496篇,内容十分广泛,多谈狐仙、鬼、妖,反映了17世纪中国的社会面貌。 作者蒲松龄在这本书深刻地描写了狐仙、鬼和妖,而字里行间也透露出鬼比人还要有情有义来讽刺当时的世代。
聊斋志异  传说《聊斋志异》一书,为蒲松龄在路边设一茶摊,过路之人给他讲一个故事即可免费喝茶,而他将路人所讲的故事整理成册而成。
  《聊斋》一书四百多篇短篇小说中,有刺贪刺虐的,有描写穷苦书生和鬼、妖、仙女等的爱情故事的,这些故事像是作者自主创作以借此来表达对社会的不满和对爱情的向往,然而也有一些故事仅仅是厄情节怪异而已,其情节单一,甚至只有短短十余字,这些故事不像是作者创作而像百姓之间的传说。
  内容
  《聊斋志异》多写人与花妖狐魅的恋爱故事,如“青凤”、“莲香”、“小谢”、“香玉”、“婴宁”和“丫头”等。《聊斋志异》也批评科举制度的腐败,如“考弊司”、“王子安”、“司文郎”、“三生”等;并揭露政治和社会的黑暗,如“席方平”、“促织”、“红玉”、“窦氏”、“续黄梁”等。
  《聊斋志异》尚有其他题材,如“劳山道士”写好逸恶劳,“画皮”写恶鬼害人的伎俩;“黄九郎”写断袖之癖;“娇娜”写朋友之义;“张诚”写兄弟之爱;“阿绣”写男女互恋之爱;“堪舆”写风水迷信;“仇大娘”写仗义行为;“田七郎”写猎人侠义;“促织”写斗蟋蟀的悲喜剧;“罗刹海市”写海上奇遇记;“偷桃”“口技”写民间艺人的绝技。“公孙九娘”写清初镇压起义军的惨烈,“于七一案,连坐被诛者,栖霞、莱阳两县最多。一日俘数百人,尽戮于演武场中,碧血满地,白骨撑天。上官慈悲,捐给棺木,济城工肆,材木一空。以故伏刑东鬼,多葬南郊。”,堪为史笔。
  章节
  卷一
  〈考城隍〉〈耳中人〉〈尸变〉〈喷水〉〈瞳人语〉〈画壁〉〈山魈〉〈咬鬼〉〈捉狐〉〈荞中怪〉〈宅妖〉〈王六郎〉〈偷桃〉〈种梨〉〈劳山道士〉〈长清僧〉〈蛇人〉〈斫蟒〉〈犬奸〉〈雹神〉〈狐嫁女〉〈娇娜〉〈僧孽〉〈妖术〉〈野狗〉〈三生〉〈狐入瓶〉〈鬼哭〉〈真定女〉〈焦螟〉〈叶生〉〈四十千〉〈成仙〉〈新郎〉〈灵官〉〈王兰〉〈鹰虎神〉〈王成〉〈青凤〉〈画皮〉〈贾儿〉〈蛇癖〉
  卷二
  〈金世成〉〈董生〉〈石〉〈庙鬼〉〈陆判〉〈婴宁〉〈聂小倩〉〈义鼠〉〈地震〉〈海公子〉〈丁前溪〉〈海大鱼〉〈张老相公〉〈水莽草〉〈造畜〉〈凤阳士人〉〈耿十八〉〈珠儿〉〈小官人〉〈胡四姐〉〈祝翁〉〈猎婆龙〉〈某公〉〈快刀〉〈侠女〉〈酒友〉〈莲香〉〈阿宝〉〈九山王〉〈遵化署狐〉〈张诚〉〈汾州狐〉〈巧娘〉〈吴令〉〈口技〉〈狐联〉〈潍水狐〉〈红玉〉〈龙〉〈林四娘〉
  卷三
  〈江中〉〈鲁公女〉〈道士〉〈胡氏〉〈戏术〉〈丐僧〉〈伏狐〉〈蛰龙〉〈苏仙〉〈李伯言〉〈黄九郎〉〈金陵女子〉〈汤公〉〈阎罗〉〈连琐〉〈单道士〉〈白于玉〉〈夜叉国〉〈小髻〉〈西僧〉〈老饕〉〈连城〉〈霍生〉〈汪士秀〉〈商三官〉〈于江〉〈小二〉〈庚娘〉〈宫梦弼〉〈鸲鹆〉〈刘海石〉〈谕鬼〉〈泥鬼〉〈梦别〉〈犬灯〉〈番僧〉〈狐妾〉〈雷曹〉〈赌符〉〈阿霞〉〈李司鉴〉〈五朗大夫〉〈毛狐〉〈翩翩〉〈黑兽〉
  卷四
  〈余德〉〈杨千总〉〈瓜异〉〈青梅〉〈罗刹海市〉〈田七郎〉〈产龙〉〈保住〉〈公孙九娘〉〈促织〉〈柳秀才〉〈水灾〉〈诸城某甲〉〈库官〉〈酆都御史〉〈龙无目〉〈狐谐〉〈雨钱〉〈妾杖击贼〉〈秀才驱怪〉〈姊妹易嫁〉〈续黄粱〉〈龙取水〉〈小猎犬〉〈棋鬼〉〈辛十四娘〉〈白莲教〉〈双灯〉〈捉鬼射狐〉〈蹇偿债〉〈头滚〉〈鬼作筵〉〈胡四相公〉〈念秧〉〈蛙曲〉〈鼠戏〉〈泥书生〉〈土地夫人〉〈寒月芙蕖〉〈酒狂〉
  卷五
  〈阳武侯〉〈赵城虎〉〈螳螂捕蛇〉〈武技〉〈小人〉〈秦生〉〈鸦头〉〈酒虫〉〈木雕美人〉〈封三娘〉〈狐梦〉〈布客〉〈农人〉〈章阿端〉〈稞秭媪〉〈金永年〉〈花姑子〉〈武孝廉〉〈西湖主〉〈孝子〉〈狮子〉〈阎王〉〈土偶〉〈长治女子〉〈义犬〉〈鄱阳神〉〈伍秋月〉〈莲花公主〉〈绿衣女〉〈黎氏〉〈荷花三娘子〉〈骂鸭〉〈柳氏子〉〈上仙〉〈侯静山〉〈钱流〉〈郭生〉〈金生色〉〈彭海秋〉〈堪舆〉〈窦氏〉〈梁彦〉〈龙肉〉
  卷六
  〈潞令〉〈马介甫〉〈魁星〉〈厍将军〉〈绛妃〉〈河间生〉〈云翠仙〉〈跳神〉〈铁布衫法〉〈大力将军〉〈白莲教〉〈颜氏〉〈杜翁〉〈小谢〉〈缢鬼〉〈吴门画工〉〈林氏〉〈胡大姑〉〈细侯〉〈狼〉〈美人首〉〈刘亮采〉〈蕙芳〉〈山神〉〈萧七〉〈乱离〉〈豢蛇〉〈雷公〉〈菱角〉〈饿鬼〉〈考弊司〉〈阎罗〉〈大人〉〈向杲〉〈董公子〉〈周三〉〈鸽异〉〈聂政〉〈冷生〉〈狐惩淫〉〈山市〉〈江城〉〈孙生〉〈八大王〉〈戏缢〉
  卷七
  〈罗祖〉〈刘姓〉〈邵九娘〉〈巩仙〉〈二商〉〈沂水秀才〉〈梅女〉〈郭秀才〉〈死僧〉〈阿英〉〈橘树〉〈赤字〉〈牛成章〉〈青娥〉〈镜听〉〈牛〉〈金姑夫〉〈梓潼令〉〈鬼津〉〈仙人岛〉〈阎罗薨〉〈颠道人〉〈胡四娘〉〈僧术〉〈禄数〉〈柳生〉〈冤狱〉〈鬼令〉〈甄后〉〈宦娘〉〈阿绣〉〈杨疤眼〉〈小翠〉〈金和尚〉〈龙戏蛛〉〈商妇〉〈阎罗宴〉〈役鬼〉〈细柳〉
  卷八
  〈画马〉〈局诈〉〈放蝶〉〈男生子〉〈钟生〉〈鬼妻〉〈黄将军〉〈三朝元老〉〈医术〉〈藏虱〉〈梦狼〉〈夜明〉〈夏雪〉〈化男〉〈禽侠〉〈鸿〉〈象〉〈负尸〉〈紫花和尚〉〈周克昌〉〈嫦娥〉〈鞠乐如〉〈褚生〉〈盗户〉〈某乙〉〈霍女〉〈司文郎〉〈丑狐〉〈吕无病〉〈钱卜巫〉〈姚安〉〈采薇翁〉〈崔猛〉〈诗谳〉〈鹿衔草〉〈小棺〉〈邢子仪〉〈李生〉〈陆押官〉〈蒋太史〉〈邵士梅〉〈顾生〉〈陈锡九〉
  卷九
  〈邵临淄〉〈于去恶〉〈狂生〉〈俗〉〈凤仙〉〈佟客〉〈辽阳军〉〈张贡士〉〈爱奴〉〈单父宰〉〈孙必振〉〈邑人〉〈元宝〉〈研石〉〈武夷〉〈大鼠〉〈张不量〉〈牧竖〉〈富翁〉〈王司马〉〈岳神〉〈小梅〉〈药僧〉〈于中丞〉〈皂隶〉〈绩女〉〈红毛毡〉〈抽肠〉〈张鸿渐〉〈太医〉〈牛飞〉〈王子安〉〈刁姓〉〈农妇〉〈金陵乙〉〈郭安〉〈折狱〉〈义犬〉〈杨大洪〉〈查牙山洞〉〈安期岛〉〈沅俗〉〈云萝公主〉〈鸟语〉〈天宫〉〈乔女〉〈蛤此名寄生〉〈刘夫人〉〈陵县狐〉
  卷十
  〈王货郎〉〈疲龙〉〈真生〉〈布商〉〈彭二挣〉〈何仙〉〈牛同人〉〈神女〉〈湘裙〉〈三生〉〈长亭〉〈席方平〉〈素秋〉〈贾奉雉〉〈胭脂〉〈阿纤〉〈瑞云〉〈仇大娘〉〈曹操冢〉〈龙飞相公〉〈珊瑚〉〈五通〉〈申氏〉〈恒娘〉〈葛巾〉
  卷十一
  〈冯木匠〉〈黄英〉〈书痴〉〈齐天大圣〉〈青蛙神〉〈任秀〉〈晚霞〉〈白秋练〉〈王者〉〈某甲〉〈衢州三怪〉〈拆楼人〉〈大蝎〉〈陈云牺〉〈司札吏〉〈蚰蜓〉〈司训〉〈黑鬼〉〈织成〉〈竹青〉〈段氏〉〈狐女〉〈张氏妇〉〈于子游〉〈男妾〉〈汪可受〉〈牛犊〉〈王大〉〈乐仲〉〈香玉〉〈三仙〉〈鬼隶〉〈王十〉〈大男〉〈外国人〉〈韦公子〉〈石清虚〉〈曾友于〉〈嘉平公子〉
  卷十二
  〈二班〉〈车夫〉〈乩仙〉〈苗生〉〈蝎客〉〈杜小雷〉〈毛大福〉〈雹神〉〈李八缸〉〈老龙船户〉〈青城妇〉〈鸟〉〈古瓶〉〈元少先生〉〈薛慰娘〉〈田子成〉〈王桂庵〉〈寄生附〉〈周生〉〈褚遂良〉〈刘全〉〈土化兔〉〈鸟使〉〈姬生〉〈果报〉〈公孙夏〉〈韩方〉〈纫针〉〈桓侯〉〈粉蝶〉〈李檀斯〉〈锦瑟〉〈太原狱〉〈新郑讼〉〈李象先〉〈房文淑〉〈秦桧〉〈浙东生〉〈博兴女〉〈一员官〉〈丐汕〉〈人妖〉〈蛰蛇〉〈晋人〉〈龙〉〈爱才〉
  艺术特点
  情节上,《聊斋志异》的故事情节曲折;人物方面,善于塑造人物,通过写景烘托人物;语言方面,善于提炼语言;风格方面,寓浪漫主义色彩。
  评价
  蒲松龄同乡好友王士祯则为《聊斋志异》题诗:“姑妄言之姑听之,豆棚瓜架雨如丝。料应厌作人间语,爱听秋坟鬼唱诗。”士祯对《聊斋志异》甚为喜爱,给予极高评价,所谓“数奇其才,谓非寻常流辈所及也。”,并为其作评点,甚至欲以五百两黄金购《聊斋志异》之手稿而不可得。乾隆年间,余集在整理《聊斋志异》刊刻写序,指出这部作品在“恍惚幻妄,光怪陆离”之中“托志幽遐”,有“微旨所存”。
  纪晓岚:“留仙之才,余诚莫逮其万一。”
  冯镇峦于嘉庆二十三年(1818年)评点《聊斋》,并称“当代小说家言,定以此书第一”。“聊斋非独文笔之佳,独有千古,第一议论醇正,准情酌理,毫无可驳。如名儒讲学,如老僧谈禅,如乡曲长者读诵劝世文,观之实有益于身心,警戒顽愚。至说到忠孝节义,令人雪涕,令人猛醒,更为有关世教之书。”陈廷机《聊斋志异》序:“亦以空前绝后之作,使唐人见之,自当把臂入林,后来作者,宜其搁笔耳。”
  鲁迅评论《聊斋志异》:“《聊斋志异》虽亦如当时同类之书,不外记神仙狐鬼精魅故事,然描写委曲,叙次井然,用传奇法,而以志怪。变幻之状,如在目前;又或易调该弦,别叙崎人异行,出于幻灭,顿入人间;偶叙琐闻,亦多简洁,故读者耳目,为之一新。……明末志怪群书,大抵简略,又多荒诞不情;《聊斋志异》独于详尽之处,示以平常,使花妖狐魅,多是人情,和易可亲,忘为异类,而又偶见鹘突,知复非人。”
  郭沫若先生说过“写鬼写妖高人一等,刺贪刺虐入骨三分。”
  版本
  稿本系统(即作者亲手写的本子):作者半部手稿本(现存辽宁图书馆)
  抄本系统(即作者以外的人所传抄的本子):a、康熙抄本 b、二十四卷抄本 c、异史稿本 d、铸雪斋抄本/乾隆十六年(1752年)
  刊本系统(即正式发行出版的本子):青柯亭刻本(首刊本)乾隆三十一年(1766年,蒲松龄逝世50年后才出版,蒲氏无缘得见)。《聊斋志异》完成于清康熙十九年(1680年);在蒲松龄生前多以抄本流传,到乾隆三十一年(1766年)第一次由赵起杲在浙江严州刻印。
  《注聊斋志异图咏》十六卷(清)蒲松龄撰(清)吕湛恩注上海同文书局清光绪12年(1886年)
  《聊斋志异》(清)蒲松龄着上海古籍出版社, 2005 ISBN 7-5325-3926-1
  影响
  《聊斋志异》在清代风行一时,类似《聊斋志异》的小说大量出现:
  沈起凤《谐铎》
  袁枚《子不语》(又名《新齐谐》)
  闲斋氏《夜谭随录》
  长白浩歌子《萤窗异草》
  纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》
  宣鼎《夜雨秋灯录》
  王韬《淞滨琐话》、《淞隐漫录》
  时至近代,《聊斋志异》魅力未减,书中多部作品如《聂小倩》、《劳山道士》、《阿宝》、《促织》、《陆判》、《田七郎》、《罗刹海市》、《画皮》、《酆都御史》、《龙无目》、《狐谐》、《雨钱》、《画壁》等经改编成小说、戏曲、电视剧、电影,脍炙人口,为今人所熟悉。
  聊斋志异对毛泽东、邓小平产生一定影响,毛泽东在1958年炮击金门时提到狂生夜坐的故事,邓小平的猫论“黑猫白猫,抓住老鼠就是好猫”来自《秀才驱怪》“黄狸黑狸,得鼠者雄”。

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article------>{"id":24,"cid":2,"subCid":null,"title":"聊斋志异","shortTitle":"","tagId":"","attr":"","articleView":"","source":"","author":"","description":"","img":"","content":"<p>《聊斋志异》,简称《聊斋》,又称《鬼传》,是中国清代蒲松龄所着的短篇小说集。全书共496篇,内容十分广泛,多谈狐仙、鬼、妖,反映了17世纪中国的社会面貌。 作者蒲松龄在这本书深刻地描写了狐仙、鬼和妖,而字里行间也透露出鬼比人还要有情有义来讽刺当时的世代。<br><img src=\"https://www.yanyuzhai.cn/uploads/allimg/1902/1-1Z224134P0134.jpg\" alt=\"聊斋志异\" style=\"margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px; float: left;\">  传说《聊斋志异》一书,为蒲松龄在路边设一茶摊,过路之人给他讲一个故事即可免费喝茶,而他将路人所讲的故事整理成册而成。<br>  《聊斋》一书四百多篇短篇小说中,有刺贪刺虐的,有描写穷苦书生和鬼、妖、仙女等的爱情故事的,这些故事像是作者自主创作以借此来表达对社会的不满和对爱情的向往,然而也有一些故事仅仅是厄情节怪异而已,其情节单一,甚至只有短短十余字,这些故事不像是作者创作而像百姓之间的传说。<br>  <strong>内容</strong><br>  《聊斋志异》多写人与花妖狐魅的恋爱故事,如&ldquo;青凤&rdquo;、&ldquo;莲香&rdquo;、&ldquo;小谢&rdquo;、&ldquo;香玉&rdquo;、&ldquo;婴宁&rdquo;和&ldquo;丫头&rdquo;等。《聊斋志异》也批评科举制度的腐败,如&ldquo;考弊司&rdquo;、&ldquo;王子安&rdquo;、&ldquo;司文郎&rdquo;、&ldquo;三生&rdquo;等;并揭露政治和社会的黑暗,如&ldquo;席方平&rdquo;、&ldquo;促织&rdquo;、&ldquo;红玉&rdquo;、&ldquo;窦氏&rdquo;、&ldquo;续黄梁&rdquo;等。<br>  《聊斋志异》尚有其他题材,如&ldquo;劳山道士&rdquo;写好逸恶劳,&ldquo;画皮&rdquo;写恶鬼害人的伎俩;&ldquo;黄九郎&rdquo;写断袖之癖;&ldquo;娇娜&rdquo;写朋友之义;&ldquo;张诚&rdquo;写兄弟之爱;&ldquo;阿绣&rdquo;写男女互恋之爱;&ldquo;堪舆&rdquo;写风水迷信;&ldquo;仇大娘&rdquo;写仗义行为;&ldquo;田七郎&rdquo;写猎人侠义;&ldquo;促织&rdquo;写斗蟋蟀的悲喜剧;&ldquo;罗刹海市&rdquo;写海上奇遇记;&ldquo;偷桃&rdquo;&ldquo;口技&rdquo;写民间艺人的绝技。&ldquo;公孙九娘&rdquo;写清初镇压起义军的惨烈,&ldquo;于七一案,连坐被诛者,栖霞、莱阳两县最多。一日俘数百人,尽戮于演武场中,碧血满地,白骨撑天。上官慈悲,捐给棺木,济城工肆,材木一空。以故伏刑东鬼,多葬南郊。&rdquo;,堪为史笔。<br>  <span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">章节</span><br>  <strong>卷一</strong><br>  〈考城隍〉〈耳中人〉〈尸变〉〈喷水〉〈瞳人语〉〈画壁〉〈山魈〉〈咬鬼〉〈捉狐〉〈荞中怪〉〈宅妖〉〈王六郎〉〈偷桃〉〈种梨〉〈劳山道士〉〈长清僧〉〈蛇人〉〈斫蟒〉〈犬奸〉〈雹神〉〈狐嫁女〉〈娇娜〉〈僧孽〉〈妖术〉〈野狗〉〈三生〉〈狐入瓶〉〈鬼哭〉〈真定女〉〈焦螟〉〈叶生〉〈四十千〉〈成仙〉〈新郎〉〈灵官〉〈王兰〉〈鹰虎神〉〈王成〉〈青凤〉〈画皮〉〈贾儿〉〈蛇癖〉<br>  <strong>卷二</strong><br>  〈金世成〉〈董生〉〈石〉〈庙鬼〉〈陆判〉〈婴宁〉〈聂小倩〉〈义鼠〉〈地震〉〈海公子〉〈丁前溪〉〈海大鱼〉〈张老相公〉〈水莽草〉〈造畜〉〈凤阳士人〉〈耿十八〉〈珠儿〉〈小官人〉〈胡四姐〉〈祝翁〉〈猎婆龙〉〈某公〉〈快刀〉〈侠女〉〈酒友〉〈莲香〉〈阿宝〉〈九山王〉〈遵化署狐〉〈张诚〉〈汾州狐〉〈巧娘〉〈吴令〉〈口技〉〈狐联〉〈潍水狐〉〈红玉〉〈龙〉〈林四娘〉<br>  <strong>卷三</strong><br>  〈江中〉〈鲁公女〉〈道士〉〈胡氏〉〈戏术〉〈丐僧〉〈伏狐〉〈蛰龙〉〈苏仙〉〈李伯言〉〈黄九郎〉〈金陵女子〉〈汤公〉〈阎罗〉〈连琐〉〈单道士〉〈白于玉〉〈夜叉国〉〈小髻〉〈西僧〉〈老饕〉〈连城〉〈霍生〉〈汪士秀〉〈商三官〉〈于江〉〈小二〉〈庚娘〉〈宫梦弼〉〈鸲鹆〉〈刘海石〉〈谕鬼〉〈泥鬼〉〈梦别〉〈犬灯〉〈番僧〉〈狐妾〉〈雷曹〉〈赌符〉〈阿霞〉〈李司鉴〉〈五朗大夫〉〈毛狐〉〈翩翩〉〈黑兽〉<br>  <strong>卷四</strong><br>  〈余德〉〈杨千总〉〈瓜异〉〈青梅〉〈罗刹海市〉〈田七郎〉〈产龙〉〈保住〉〈公孙九娘〉〈促织〉〈柳秀才〉〈水灾〉〈诸城某甲〉〈库官〉〈酆都御史〉〈龙无目〉〈狐谐〉〈雨钱〉〈妾杖击贼〉〈秀才驱怪〉〈姊妹易嫁〉〈续黄粱〉〈龙取水〉〈小猎犬〉〈棋鬼〉〈辛十四娘〉〈白莲教〉〈双灯〉〈捉鬼射狐〉〈蹇偿债〉〈头滚〉〈鬼作筵〉〈胡四相公〉〈念秧〉〈蛙曲〉〈鼠戏〉〈泥书生〉〈土地夫人〉〈寒月芙蕖〉〈酒狂〉<br>  <strong>卷五</strong><br>  〈阳武侯〉〈赵城虎〉〈螳螂捕蛇〉〈武技〉〈小人〉〈秦生〉〈鸦头〉〈酒虫〉〈木雕美人〉〈封三娘〉〈狐梦〉〈布客〉〈农人〉〈章阿端〉〈稞秭媪〉〈金永年〉〈花姑子〉〈武孝廉〉〈西湖主〉〈孝子〉〈狮子〉〈阎王〉〈土偶〉〈长治女子〉〈义犬〉〈鄱阳神〉〈伍秋月〉〈莲花公主〉〈绿衣女〉〈黎氏〉〈荷花三娘子〉〈骂鸭〉〈柳氏子〉〈上仙〉〈侯静山〉〈钱流〉〈郭生〉〈金生色〉〈彭海秋〉〈堪舆〉〈窦氏〉〈梁彦〉〈龙肉〉<br>  <strong>卷六</strong><br>  〈潞令〉〈马介甫〉〈魁星〉〈厍将军〉〈绛妃〉〈河间生〉〈云翠仙〉〈跳神〉〈铁布衫法〉〈大力将军〉〈白莲教〉〈颜氏〉〈杜翁〉〈小谢〉〈缢鬼〉〈吴门画工〉〈林氏〉〈胡大姑〉〈细侯〉〈狼〉〈美人首〉〈刘亮采〉〈蕙芳〉〈山神〉〈萧七〉〈乱离〉〈豢蛇〉〈雷公〉〈菱角〉〈饿鬼〉〈考弊司〉〈阎罗〉〈大人〉〈向杲〉〈董公子〉〈周三〉〈鸽异〉〈聂政〉〈冷生〉〈狐惩淫〉〈山市〉〈江城〉〈孙生〉〈八大王〉〈戏缢〉<br>  <strong>卷七</strong><br>  〈罗祖〉〈刘姓〉〈邵九娘〉〈巩仙〉〈二商〉〈沂水秀才〉〈梅女〉〈郭秀才〉〈死僧〉〈阿英〉〈橘树〉〈赤字〉〈牛成章〉〈青娥〉〈镜听〉〈牛〉〈金姑夫〉〈梓潼令〉〈鬼津〉〈仙人岛〉〈阎罗薨〉〈颠道人〉〈胡四娘〉〈僧术〉〈禄数〉〈柳生〉〈冤狱〉〈鬼令〉〈甄后〉〈宦娘〉〈阿绣〉〈杨疤眼〉〈小翠〉〈金和尚〉〈龙戏蛛〉〈商妇〉〈阎罗宴〉〈役鬼〉〈细柳〉<br>  <strong>卷八</strong><br>  〈画马〉〈局诈〉〈放蝶〉〈男生子〉〈钟生〉〈鬼妻〉〈黄将军〉〈三朝元老〉〈医术〉〈藏虱〉〈梦狼〉〈夜明〉〈夏雪〉〈化男〉〈禽侠〉〈鸿〉〈象〉〈负尸〉〈紫花和尚〉〈周克昌〉〈嫦娥〉〈鞠乐如〉〈褚生〉〈盗户〉〈某乙〉〈霍女〉〈司文郎〉〈丑狐〉〈吕无病〉〈钱卜巫〉〈姚安〉〈采薇翁〉〈崔猛〉〈诗谳〉〈鹿衔草〉〈小棺〉〈邢子仪〉〈李生〉〈陆押官〉〈蒋太史〉〈邵士梅〉〈顾生〉〈陈锡九〉<br>  <strong>卷九</strong><br>  〈邵临淄〉〈于去恶〉〈狂生〉〈俗〉〈凤仙〉〈佟客〉〈辽阳军〉〈张贡士〉〈爱奴〉〈单父宰〉〈孙必振〉〈邑人〉〈元宝〉〈研石〉〈武夷〉〈大鼠〉〈张不量〉〈牧竖〉〈富翁〉〈王司马〉〈岳神〉〈小梅〉〈药僧〉〈于中丞〉〈皂隶〉〈绩女〉〈红毛毡〉〈抽肠〉〈张鸿渐〉〈太医〉〈牛飞〉〈王子安〉〈刁姓〉〈农妇〉〈金陵乙〉〈郭安〉〈折狱〉〈义犬〉〈杨大洪〉〈查牙山洞〉〈安期岛〉〈沅俗〉〈云萝公主〉〈鸟语〉〈天宫〉〈乔女〉〈蛤此名寄生〉〈刘夫人〉〈陵县狐〉<br>  <strong>卷十</strong><br>  〈王货郎〉〈疲龙〉〈真生〉〈布商〉〈彭二挣〉〈何仙〉〈牛同人〉〈神女〉〈湘裙〉〈三生〉〈长亭〉〈席方平〉〈素秋〉〈贾奉雉〉〈胭脂〉〈阿纤〉〈瑞云〉〈仇大娘〉〈曹操冢〉〈龙飞相公〉〈珊瑚〉〈五通〉〈申氏〉〈恒娘〉〈葛巾〉<br>  <strong>卷十一</strong><br>  〈冯木匠〉〈黄英〉〈书痴〉〈齐天大圣〉〈青蛙神〉〈任秀〉〈晚霞〉〈白秋练〉〈王者〉〈某甲〉〈衢州三怪〉〈拆楼人〉〈大蝎〉〈陈云牺〉〈司札吏〉〈蚰蜓〉〈司训〉〈黑鬼〉〈织成〉〈竹青〉〈段氏〉〈狐女〉〈张氏妇〉〈于子游〉〈男妾〉〈汪可受〉〈牛犊〉〈王大〉〈乐仲〉〈香玉〉〈三仙〉〈鬼隶〉〈王十〉〈大男〉〈外国人〉〈韦公子〉〈石清虚〉〈曾友于〉〈嘉平公子〉<br>  <strong>卷十二</strong><br>  〈二班〉〈车夫〉〈乩仙〉〈苗生〉〈蝎客〉〈杜小雷〉〈毛大福〉〈雹神〉〈李八缸〉〈老龙船户〉〈青城妇〉〈鸟〉〈古瓶〉〈元少先生〉〈薛慰娘〉〈田子成〉〈王桂庵〉〈寄生附〉〈周生〉〈褚遂良〉〈刘全〉〈土化兔〉〈鸟使〉〈姬生〉〈果报〉〈公孙夏〉〈韩方〉〈纫针〉〈桓侯〉〈粉蝶〉〈李檀斯〉〈锦瑟〉〈太原狱〉〈新郑讼〉〈李象先〉〈房文淑〉〈秦桧〉〈浙东生〉〈博兴女〉〈一员官〉〈丐汕〉〈人妖〉〈蛰蛇〉〈晋人〉〈龙〉〈爱才〉<br>  <strong>艺术特点</strong><br>  情节上,《聊斋志异》的故事情节曲折;人物方面,善于塑造人物,通过写景烘托人物;语言方面,善于提炼语言;风格方面,寓浪漫主义色彩。<br>  <strong>评价</strong><br>  蒲松龄同乡好友王士祯则为《聊斋志异》题诗:&ldquo;姑妄言之姑听之,豆棚瓜架雨如丝。料应厌作人间语,爱听秋坟鬼唱诗。&rdquo;士祯对《聊斋志异》甚为喜爱,给予极高评价,所谓&ldquo;数奇其才,谓非寻常流辈所及也。&rdquo;,并为其作评点,甚至欲以五百两黄金购《聊斋志异》之手稿而不可得。乾隆年间,余集在整理《聊斋志异》刊刻写序,指出这部作品在&ldquo;恍惚幻妄,光怪陆离&rdquo;之中&ldquo;托志幽遐&rdquo;,有&ldquo;微旨所存&rdquo;。<br>  纪晓岚:&ldquo;留仙之才,余诚莫逮其万一。&rdquo;<br>  冯镇峦于嘉庆二十三年(1818年)评点《聊斋》,并称&ldquo;当代小说家言,定以此书第一&rdquo;。&ldquo;聊斋非独文笔之佳,独有千古,第一议论醇正,准情酌理,毫无可驳。如名儒讲学,如老僧谈禅,如乡曲长者读诵劝世文,观之实有益于身心,警戒顽愚。至说到忠孝节义,令人雪涕,令人猛醒,更为有关世教之书。&rdquo;陈廷机《聊斋志异》序:&ldquo;亦以空前绝后之作,使唐人见之,自当把臂入林,后来作者,宜其搁笔耳。&rdquo;<br>  鲁迅评论《聊斋志异》:&ldquo;《聊斋志异》虽亦如当时同类之书,不外记神仙狐鬼精魅故事,然描写委曲,叙次井然,用传奇法,而以志怪。变幻之状,如在目前;又或易调该弦,别叙崎人异行,出于幻灭,顿入人间;偶叙琐闻,亦多简洁,故读者耳目,为之一新。&hellip;&hellip;明末志怪群书,大抵简略,又多荒诞不情;《聊斋志异》独于详尽之处,示以平常,使花妖狐魅,多是人情,和易可亲,忘为异类,而又偶见鹘突,知复非人。&rdquo;<br>  郭沫若先生说过&ldquo;写鬼写妖高人一等,刺贪刺虐入骨三分。&rdquo;<br>  <strong>版本</strong><br>  稿本系统(即作者亲手写的本子):作者半部手稿本(现存辽宁图书馆)<br>  抄本系统(即作者以外的人所传抄的本子):a、康熙抄本 b、二十四卷抄本 c、异史稿本 d、铸雪斋抄本/乾隆十六年(1752年)<br>  刊本系统(即正式发行出版的本子):青柯亭刻本(首刊本)乾隆三十一年(1766年,蒲松龄逝世50年后才出版,蒲氏无缘得见)。《聊斋志异》完成于清康熙十九年(1680年);在蒲松龄生前多以抄本流传,到乾隆三十一年(1766年)第一次由赵起杲在浙江严州刻印。<br>  《注聊斋志异图咏》十六卷(清)蒲松龄撰(清)吕湛恩注上海同文书局清光绪12年(1886年)<br>  《聊斋志异》(清)蒲松龄着上海古籍出版社, 2005 ISBN 7-5325-3926-1<br>  <strong>影响</strong><br>  《聊斋志异》在清代风行一时,类似《聊斋志异》的小说大量出现:<br>  沈起凤《谐铎》<br>  袁枚《子不语》(又名《新齐谐》)<br>  闲斋氏《夜谭随录》<br>  长白浩歌子《萤窗异草》<br>  纪昀《阅微草堂笔记》<br>  宣鼎《夜雨秋灯录》<br>  王韬《淞滨琐话》、《淞隐漫录》<br>  时至近代,《聊斋志异》魅力未减,书中多部作品如《聂小倩》、《劳山道士》、《阿宝》、《促织》、《陆判》、《田七郎》、《罗刹海市》、《画皮》、《酆都御史》、《龙无目》、《狐谐》、《雨钱》、《画壁》等经改编成小说、戏曲、电视剧、电影,脍炙人口,为今人所熟悉。<br>  聊斋志异对毛泽东、邓小平产生一定影响,毛泽东在1958年炮击金门时提到狂生夜坐的故事,邓小平的猫论&ldquo;黑猫白猫,抓住老鼠就是好猫&rdquo;来自《秀才驱怪》&ldquo;黄狸黑狸,得鼠者雄&rdquo;。</p>","status":0,"pv":192,"link":"","createdAt":"2024-12-04T14:06:30.000Z","updatedAt":"2025-01-21T23:34:46.000Z","field":{},"tags":[]}

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